Dr. Provash Sarkar

Understanding Acute and Chronic Cough

• 25-February-2025
• 26 Likes

Dr. Provash Sarkar, a renowned expert in MMBBS, MD (Psychiatry), explains the key differences between acute and chronic coughs, their causes, and the best treatments available.

Acute vs. Chronic Cough: What’s the Difference?

• Acute Cough: Lasts less than three weeks and is usually caused by infections like the common cold, flu, or respiratory infections.
• Chronic Cough: Persists for more than eight weeks in adults and four weeks in children. It can be a sign of an underlying health issue that requires medical attention.

Causes of Acute Cough

1. Viral Infections: Common cold, flu, and COVID-19 can trigger short-term coughs.
2. Bacterial Infections: Conditions like pneumonia or bronchitis may cause acute coughing.
3. Allergies or Irritants: Exposure to dust, smoke, or strong odors can lead to temporary coughing.
4. Postnasal Drip: Excess mucus dripping down the throat can trigger a cough.

Causes of Chronic Cough

1. Asthma: A common cause of long-term cough, especially if accompanied by wheezing.
2. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Stomach acid can irritate the throat and cause a persistent cough.
3. Chronic Bronchitis: A long-term inflammation of the airways, often seen in smokers.
4. Lung Diseases: Conditions like tuberculosis, lung fibrosis, or even lung cancer can result in chronic coughing.
5. Medication Side Effects: Some blood pressure medications (ACE inhibitors) may cause a persistent dry cough.

Treatment Options for Cough

For Acute Cough:

• Stay hydrated to soothe the throat.
• Use honey and warm liquids to ease irritation.
• Over-the-counter cough syrups can provide relief.
• Rest and avoid smoking or polluted air.

For Chronic Cough:

• Identify and treat the underlying cause (asthma, GERD, etc.).
• Prescription medications such as inhalers for asthma or proton pump inhibitors for acid reflux.
• Lifestyle changes like avoiding smoking and maintaining a clean environment.

If our cough lasts more than three weeks, worsens over time, or is accompanied by blood, chest pain, or breathing difficulties, seek medical attention immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and ensure a healthier life.

Understanding the difference between acute and chronic coughs can help to take the right steps for better health. Stay informed and take care!